C++ Java和Node.js之间的AES加解密研究(ECB)

发表于 2019-06-23 更新于 2022-04-04 分类于编程

现在的软件没个前端后端移动端桌面端都不好意思拿出手。

不同平台之间通信时会遇到同样的数据同样的加密算法，Java、JS、C++、.Net算出来的不一样的抓狂情形。都知道肯定是各加密库的默认算法配置造成的差异，然而咱也不是加密算法专家，各种原理也是越看越晕，还是写代码试验最省心。

下面是各语言AES/ECB/128的加解密代码，经测试互相之间可通用。供参考（注意CTRL+C的话key变量不要忘了改）

Node.js 代码

crypto = require('crypto');

/**
 * aes加密
 * @param data
 * @param secretKey
 */
aesEncrypt = function(data, secretKey) {
	var cipher = crypto.createCipher('aes-128-ecb',secretKey);
	return cipher.update(data,'utf8','base64') + cipher.final('base64');
}

/**
 * aes解密
 * @param data
 * @param secretKey
 * @returns {*}
 */
aesDecrypt = function(data, secretKey) {
	var cipher = crypto.createDecipher('aes-128-ecb',secretKey);
	return cipher.update(data,'base64','utf8') + cipher.final('utf8');
}

const data = "Across the Great Wall we can reach every corner in the world.";
const key = "vwOr2r#%Yv,+A4e[";
let encryptStr = aesEncrypt(data, key);
console.log( encryptStr );
let out = aesDecrypt(encryptStr, key);
console.log(out);

Java/Android 代码

原代码是从这里抄来简化的：https://www.cnblogs.com/libo0125ok/p/7668026.html

package com.example.myapplication;

import java.security.MessageDigest;

import javax.crypto.Cipher;
import javax.crypto.KeyGenerator;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;

/**
 * AES的加密和解密
 * @author libo
 */
public class AES {
    //算法
    private static final String ALGORITHMSTR = "AES/ECB/PKCS5Padding";
    public static final String DEFAULT_CODING = "utf-8";

    /**
     * AES加密
     * @param content 待加密的内容
     * @param encryptKey 加密密钥
     * @return 加密后的byte[]
     */
    public static byte[] aesEncryptToBytes(String content, String encryptKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] input = content.getBytes(DEFAULT_CODING);

        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        byte[] thedigest = md.digest(encryptKey.getBytes(DEFAULT_CODING));
        SecretKeySpec skc = new SecretKeySpec(thedigest, "AES");
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(ALGORITHMSTR);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, skc);
        byte[] cipherText = new byte[cipher.getOutputSize(input.length)];
        int ctLength = cipher.update(input, 0, input.length, cipherText, 0);
        ctLength += cipher.doFinal(cipherText, ctLength);

        return cipherText;
    }

    /**
     * AES解密
     * @param encryptBytes 待解密的byte[]
     * @param decryptKey 解密密钥
     * @return 解密后的String
     */
    public static String aesDecryptByBytes(byte[] encryptBytes, String decryptKey) throws Exception {
        byte[] keyb = decryptKey.getBytes(DEFAULT_CODING);
        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
        byte[] thedigest = md.digest(keyb);
        SecretKeySpec skey = new SecretKeySpec(thedigest, "AES");
        Cipher dcipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES");
        dcipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, skey);

        byte[] clearbyte = dcipher.doFinal(encryptBytes);
        return new String(clearbyte);
    }
}

在Activity中测试

package com.example.myapplication;

import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.util.Base64;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    private static final String key = "vwOr2r#%Yv,+A4e[";

    private Button buttonEncrypt;
    private Button buttonDecrypt;
    private EditText viewInput;
    private EditText viewOutput;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        buttonEncrypt = findViewById(R.id.buttonEncrypt);
        buttonDecrypt = findViewById(R.id.buttonDecrypt);
        viewInput = findViewById(R.id.textViewInput);
        viewOutput = findViewById(R.id.textViewOutput);

        // 从viewInput的输入框中取得数据，加密，转成base64，显示到viewOutput中
        buttonEncrypt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                try {
                    byte[] encrypted_data;
                    String s = viewInput.getText().toString();
                    encrypted_data = AES.aesEncryptToBytes(s, key);
                    String encrypted_data_base64 = Base64.encodeToString(encrypted_data, 0);
                    viewOutput.setText(encrypted_data_base64);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });

        // 从viewInput的输入框中取得数据，先base64解码，再解密，结果显示到viewOutput中
        buttonDecrypt.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                try {
                    String s = viewInput.getText().toString();
                    byte[] src_data = Base64.decode(s, 0);
                    String decrypted_data = AES.aesDecryptByBytes(src_data, key);
                    viewOutput.setText(decrypted_data);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        });
    }
}

C++代码 openssl版

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <openssl/evp.h>
#include <openssl/md5.h>

using namespace std;

string g_data = "Across the Great Wall we can reach every corner in the world.";
string g_key = "vwOr2r#%Yv,+A4e[";

typedef std::vector<uint8_t> byte_array;
std::string base64Encode(byte_array data)
{
	if (data.empty()) return {};

	std::string res;
	res.resize((data.size() / 3 + 1) * 4);
	int len = EVP_EncodeBlock((unsigned char *)&res[0], &data[0], data.size());
	res.resize(len);
	return res;
}

// base64 解码
byte_array base64Decode(std::string data)
{
	int len = data.length();
	if (len == 0) return {};

	byte_array res;
	res.resize(len);

	len = EVP_DecodeBlock(&res[0], (unsigned char *)&data[0], len);
	res.resize(len);
	return res;
}

int main()
{
	unsigned char key[16] = { 0 };

	int inLen = g_data.length();
	int encLen = 0;
	int outlen = 0;
	unsigned char encData[1024];	

	std::copy(g_key.begin(), g_key.end(), key);
	MD5((unsigned char*)g_key.c_str(), g_key.length(), key);

	//加密
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx;
	ctx = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();

	EVP_CipherInit_ex(ctx, EVP_aes_128_ecb(), NULL, key, nullptr, 1);
	EVP_CipherUpdate(ctx, encData, &outlen, (const unsigned char*)&g_data[0], inLen);
	encLen = outlen;
	EVP_CipherFinal(ctx, encData + outlen, &outlen);
	encLen += outlen;
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx);

	std::cout << base64Encode(byte_array{ encData, encData + encLen }) << std::endl;

	//解密
	int decLen = 0;
	outlen = 0;
	unsigned char decData[1024];
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX *ctx2;
	ctx2 = EVP_CIPHER_CTX_new();
	EVP_CipherInit_ex(ctx2, EVP_aes_128_ecb(), NULL, key, nullptr, 0);
	EVP_CipherUpdate(ctx2, decData, &outlen, encData, encLen);
	decLen = outlen;
	EVP_CipherFinal(ctx2, decData + outlen, &outlen);
	decLen += outlen;
	EVP_CIPHER_CTX_free(ctx2);

	std::cout << std::string{ decData, decData + decLen } << std::endl;

	return 0;
}

其它

其它语言的有空慢慢加进来

C++编译用的CMake文件

cmake_minimum_required (VERSION 3.8)
find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)
add_executable (encryptcpp
	"encryptcpp.cpp"
	"encryptcpp.h")
target_link_libraries(encryptcpp PRIVATE OpenSSL::SSL OpenSSL::Crypto)

在Linux下只要装了CMake和OpenSSL就可以直接用了。Windows下各种麻烦，微软的工程师们估计也觉得有点坑，所以搞了一个vcpkg项目，可以和Linux的包管理一样安装代码库。VS可以直接引用，如果是CMake的话，要这样写：

1	cmake .."-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=C:\vcpkg\scripts\buildsystems\vcpkg.cmake" -G"Visual Studio 15"

或者如果是用VS2017来管理CMake工程的话，菜单CMake\管理CMake设置，打开”CMakeSettings.json”文件，添加”variables”参数：

{
  "configurations": [
    {
      "name": "x86-Debug",
      "generator": "Visual Studio 15 2017",
      "configurationType": "Debug",
      "inheritEnvironments": [
        "msvc_x86"
      ],
      "buildRoot": "${env.USERPROFILE}\\CMakeBuilds\\${workspaceHash}\\build\\${name}",
      "installRoot": "${env.USERPROFILE}\\CMakeBuilds\\${workspaceHash}\\install\\${name}",
      "cmakeCommandArgs": "",
      "buildCommandArgs": "-m -v:minimal",
      "ctestCommandArgs": "",
      "variables": [
        {
          "name": "CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE",
          "value": "C:\\vcpkg\\scripts\\buildsystems\\vcpkg.cmake"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}